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Medical Journals

Medical journals are publications that report medical information to physicians and other health professionals.

In the past, these journals were available only in print. With the development of electronic publishing. many medical journals now have Web sites on the Internet, and some journals publish only online. A few medical journals, like the Journal of the American Medical Association, are considered general medical journals because they cover many fields of medicine. Most medical journals are specialty journals that focus on a particular area of medicine.

Medical journals publish many types of articles. Research articles report the results of research studies on a range of topics varying from the basic mechanisms of diseases to clinical trials that compare outcomes of different treatments. Review articles summarize and analyze the information available on a specific topic based on a careful search of the medical literature. Because the results of individual research studies can be affected by many factors, combining results from different studies on the same topic can be helpful in reaching conclusions about the scientific evidence for preventing, diagnosing or treating a particular disease. Case conferences and case reports may be published in medical journals to educate physicians about particular illnesses and how to treat them. Editorials in medical journals are short essays that express the views of the authors, often regarding a research or review article published in the same issue. Editorials provide perspective on how the current article fits with other information on the same topic. Letters to the editor provide a way for readers of the medical journal to express comments, questions or criticisms about articles published in that journal.

注釋：

Because the results of individual research studies can be affected by many factors, combining results from different studies on the same topic can be helpful in reaching conclusions about the scientific evidence for preventing, diagnosing or treating a particular disease.

由于個(gè)體研究的結(jié)果可能受很多因素的影響，因此將有關(guān)同一題目的不同研究的結(jié)果匯總起來，可能有助于 得出有關(guān)預(yù)防、診斷或是治療某一疾病所需的科學(xué)證據(jù)的結(jié)論。

練習(xí)：

1.The main readers of medical journals are

A. the general public.

B. health professionals.

C. medical critics.

D. news reporters.

2.Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. Many medical journals also publish online.

B. A few medical journals are general medical journals.

C. Most medical journals publish only online.

D. Most medical journals are specialty journals.

3.How many major types of articles are mentioned in the passage?

A. Five.

B. Seven.

C. Four.

D. Six.

4.An article dealing with results from different studies on the same topic is called

A. a research article.

B. a review article.

C. a case report.

D. an editorial.

5.Letters to the editor enable readers of a medical journal to express comments on

A. any medical event.

B. articles published in the same issue.

C. articles published in that journal.

D. medical development.

答案與題解：

1. B從文i的第一段可以得知，醫(yī)學(xué)雜志主要向醫(yī)生和其他醫(yī)務(wù)人員提供醫(yī)學(xué)信息。

2.C從文章第二段可以得知，許多醫(yī)學(xué)雜志既有鉛印版，也有網(wǎng)絡(luò)版;部分醫(yī)學(xué)雜志則只有網(wǎng) 絡(luò)版。大部分醫(yī)學(xué)雜志都是專業(yè)雜志，只有少數(shù)醫(yī)學(xué)雜志被認(rèn)為是普通醫(yī)學(xué)雜志。

3. A文章的第三段提到了五大類型的文章，即科研論文、綜述文章、病例會(huì)診和病理報(bào)告、社論與讀者來信o

4. B從文章第 1段可以得知,將有關(guān)同一題目的不同研究的結(jié)果加以歸納與分析的文章被稱 為綜述文章。

5.C從文章第三段的最后一句話可以得知，讀者來信主要涉及讀者對(duì)本醫(yī)學(xué)雜志刊載的文章 所進(jìn)行的評(píng)論等。

譯文：醫(yī)學(xué)雜志

醫(yī)學(xué)雜志是向醫(yī)生和其他醫(yī)務(wù)人員提供醫(yī)學(xué)信息的出版物。

在過去，這些雜志只有印刷版。隨著電子出版的發(fā)展，許多醫(yī)學(xué)雜志現(xiàn)在都有網(wǎng)站了，有些雜志 只有網(wǎng)絡(luò)版。少數(shù)的醫(yī)學(xué)雜志，如《美國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)雜志》，被看做是普通醫(yī)學(xué)雜志，因?yàn)樗鼈兒�蓋了醫(yī) 學(xué)的許多領(lǐng)域。大部分醫(yī)學(xué)雜志都是針對(duì)特定醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域的專業(yè)雜志。

醫(yī)學(xué)雜志登載很多類型的文章�？蒲姓撐膱�(bào)告調(diào)查研究的結(jié)果，內(nèi)容涵蓋基礎(chǔ)疾病機(jī)理和比較 不同療法產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果的臨床試驗(yàn)。綜述文章在細(xì)致研究醫(yī)學(xué)文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，總結(jié)和分析與某個(gè)特定 話題相關(guān)的信息。由于個(gè)體研究之結(jié)果可能受很多因素的影響，因此將有關(guān)同一題目的不同研究之 結(jié)果匯總起來，可能有助于得出有關(guān)預(yù)防、診斷或是治療某一疾病所需的科學(xué)證據(jù)的結(jié)論。病例會(huì) 診和病例報(bào)告可能會(huì)登載在醫(yī)學(xué)雜志上,告知醫(yī)生特定的疾病和如何治療。醫(yī)學(xué)雜志上的社論是表 達(dá)作者觀點(diǎn)的短文章，它們經(jīng)常是針對(duì)同一期雜志上登載的一篇科研論文或綜述文章的。社論提供 了一個(gè)整體看法，闡述這篇文章是怎樣和同一話題的其他信息聯(lián)系在一起的。讀者來信為醫(yī)學(xué)雜志 的讀者提供了發(fā)表評(píng)論、提問或批評(píng)雜志上登載的文章的途徑。