“全國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)博士外語(yǔ)考試：長(zhǎng)難句拆分方法”相信是備考全國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)博士外語(yǔ)水平考試的朋友比較關(guān)心的事情，為幫助學(xué)員朋友們理解，醫(yī)學(xué)教育網(wǎng)整理內(nèi)容如下，希望可以幫助到您！

1、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)：

比如，2個(gè)逗號(hào)形成插入語(yǔ)，破折號(hào)表示解釋說(shuō)明，分號(hào)相當(dāng)于“and”表示并列；

2、連詞：

并列句的并列連詞and、or、but、yet、for等，從句的從屬連詞which、that、when、how、if等；

3、介詞：

介詞引導(dǎo)介詞短語(yǔ)，介詞短語(yǔ)在句子中可充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等修飾成分；

4、不定式符號(hào)to：

不定式符號(hào)to引導(dǎo)不定式短語(yǔ)，在句子中除了可以充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)等主干成分外，還可做定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)等修飾成分；

5、分詞：

分詞包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞，在句子中可充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)修飾成分。

下面我們就按照長(zhǎng)難句拆分原則，依照這些拆分信號(hào)，結(jié)合考博英語(yǔ)閱讀或翻譯中的長(zhǎng)難句進(jìn)行實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練一下吧！

1、This trend began during the Second World War，when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.

（1）句子拆分

拆分點(diǎn)：從屬連詞、介詞、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)

This trend began∥during the Second World War，∥when several governments came to the conclusion∥that the specific demands∥that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen∥in detail.

（2）句子結(jié)構(gòu)

找謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（began，came，wants，cannot be foreseen）；

↓

找連詞（when，that，that）

↓

前面沒(méi)有從屬連詞的動(dòng)詞即為主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

↓

確定主從句

主句：This trend began during the Second World War；

從句：定語(yǔ)從句when several governments came to the conclusion修飾the Second World War，本從句嵌套著一個(gè)二級(jí)從句即同位語(yǔ)從句that the specific demands cannot generally be foreseen in detail修飾conclusion和一個(gè)三級(jí)從句that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment修飾demands.

（3）解析

during the Second World War介詞短語(yǔ)做狀語(yǔ)；when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail做定語(yǔ)修飾the Second World War；that the specific demands cannot generally be foreseen in detail同位語(yǔ)從句修飾conclusion；that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment修飾demands.

（4）本句的參考譯文

這種趨勢(shì)始于第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，當(dāng)時(shí)一些國(guó)家的政府得出結(jié)論：政府向科研機(jī)構(gòu)提出的要求通常是無(wú)法詳盡預(yù)見(jiàn)的。

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