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Some Sleep Drugs Do More Than Make You Sleep

The United States Food and Drug Administration1 has ordered companies to place strong new warnings on thirteen drugs that treat sleep disorders. It also ordered the makers of the sleeping pills to provide information for patients explaining how to safely use the drugs.

Last Wednesday, the FDA announced that some of these drugs can have unexpected and dangerous effects. These include the risk of life-threatening allergic reactions. They also include rare incidents of strange behavior. These include people cooking food, eating and even driving while asleep. The patients later had no memory of doing these activities while asleep.

Last year,a member of the United States Congress2 said he had a sleep-driving incident. Patrick Kennedy,a representative from Rhode Island3，crashed his car into a security barrier near the building where lawmakers meet. The accident happened in the middle of the night and no one was hurt. Mr. Kennedy said he had earlier taken a sleep medicine. He said he was also being treated with a stomach sickness drug that could cause sleepiness.

The Food and Drug Administration did not say in its announcement how many cases of sleep-driving it had documented. However,the New York Times4 reported last year about people who said they had strange sleep events after taking the drug Ambien. Some reported sleep-driving and sleep-walking. Others said they found evidence after waking in the morning that they had cooked food or eaten in their sleep. But they had no memory of carrying out the activities.

A. Food and Drug Administration official says that these serious side effects of sleep disorder drugs appear to be rare. But,he also says there are probably more cases than are reported.5 He says the agency believes the risk of such behaviors could be reduced if people take the drugs as directed and do not drink alcohol while taking the drugs. The Food and Drug Administration has advised drug companies to carry out studies to investigate the problem.

練習：

1.There are altogether 13 drugs treating sleep disorders in the United States.

A. Right 　　B. Wrong 　　C. Not mentioned

2.FDA considers it the producers’ duty to warn the users of sleeping pills about the serious side effects and to tell them how to use safely.

A. Right 　　B. Wrong 　　C. Not mentioned

3.An allergic reaction to sleeping pills may sometimes cause a user to die.

A. Right 　　B. Wrong　　 C. Not mentioned

4.A stomach sickness drug alone caused Patrick Kennedy to crash his car into a security barrier.

A. Right 　　B. Wrong　　 C. Not mentioned

5.FDA based its order upon a wide investigation of sleep-driving.

A. Right 　　B. Wrong 　　C. Not mentioned

6.Sleep-walking is also one of the serious side effects induced by taking sleeping pills.

A. Right 　　B. Wrong 　　C. Not mentioned

7.The appearance of one or another side effect after taking some sleeping pill is unavoidable.

A. Right 　　B. Wrong　　 C. Not mentioned

答案與題解：

1.C　第一段第一句只說FDA命令制藥公司在13種安眠藥上貼上語氣堅定的新的警告語,但是沒有提到這13種是不是包括了美國所有的安眠藥。

2.A　第一段中FDA命令制藥商貼新警告語并指導病人如何安全用藥,自然就認為這是制藥商不可推卸的責任。

3.A　第二段第一、二句說到,其中有些藥物具有意外的危險作用,包括威脅生命的過敏反應。既然威脅到生命,那有時就可能引起死亡。

4.B　請注意第三段最后一句的was also being treated,尤其是also,說明他服用安眠藥的同時也服用治嘔吐的藥,故不是單純后一種藥引起他的車禍。

5.C　第四段第一句說，F(xiàn)DA沒有說它調(diào)查了多少昏昏迷迷開車的事例,因此我們并不知道它是否做過大量調(diào)查。

6.A　第四段尤其是其中的第三句說到,服用安眠藥以后有人昏昏迷迷開車,有人夢游,因此夢游屬于副作用之一。

7.B　最后一段說到,只要服安眠藥時按說明書服用而且不喝酒,危險行為就會減少,因此副作用并不是不可避免。