2016職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類(lèi)語(yǔ)法基本句型:主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
這個(gè)句型也是考試的重點(diǎn),主要有三個(gè)難點(diǎn):
1)要不要 “to”的問(wèn)題:
The director wants you to come right now.(主任要你馬上就來(lái)。)
句中to come 是賓語(yǔ)you的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。也就是說(shuō),當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞時(shí),一般要用 “to”連接。但是,以下情況例外:
make,let,have等使役動(dòng)詞,如:
Shall I have him come here?(要我叫他來(lái)嗎?)
I won't have him cheat me.(否定式,表示“容許”:我決不容許他欺騙我)
上述句型變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí),一般要加“to”,如:
The nurse made the patient eat something.(護(hù)士讓病人吃了點(diǎn)東西。)
→The patient was made to eat something.
有時(shí),賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)也可用 -ing形式,如:
His joke made us laughing for a couple of minutes.(他的笑話使我們笑了幾分鐘。- 注意后面的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)for a couple of minutes)
記住下面重要表達(dá)方式:
to have / get (something) done,如:
I am going to have (get) my watch repaired.(我去修一下表。)
see,hear,notice,observe,watch,look at,listen to 等感覺(jué)動(dòng)詞:
使用原則與上述大致相同。
2)要不要 “it”的問(wèn)題:
先看兩個(gè)句子:
We sometimes find it difficult to get rid of a bad habit.(有時(shí)我們發(fā)現(xiàn)要改掉一個(gè)壞習(xí)慣很難。)該句的原始結(jié)構(gòu)可理解為:We sometimes find (to get rid of a bad habit) difficult.括號(hào)部分(動(dòng)詞不定式)為賓語(yǔ),difficult為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
The doctor has made it clear to you that there is nothing wrong with your stomach.(醫(yī)生已經(jīng)跟你說(shuō)得很清楚了,你的胃沒(méi)有什么問(wèn)題。)該句的原始結(jié)構(gòu)可理解為:The doctor has made (there is nothing wrong with your stomach)clear.括號(hào)部分(句子) 為賓語(yǔ),clear為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
歸納:
n 在主語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ) + 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)中,當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)是“動(dòng)詞不定式”或“句子”時(shí),要用it(不是this,that或其他任何詞)作形式賓語(yǔ),將動(dòng)詞不定式或句子移到句子的后面去。
n 考試時(shí),判斷要不要“it”,主要看句子后面有沒(méi)有“動(dòng)詞不定式”或“句子”,若有,要選 “it”
n 賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)倒裝:當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)(名詞)較長(zhǎng),賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)較短(往往是1個(gè)形容詞,如possible,impossible,difficult,easy,clear等)時(shí),為了句子結(jié)構(gòu)均衡,往往采用倒裝,這里不存在“it”的使用問(wèn)題,對(duì)下句作出判斷:
The development of ultrasound has made ______ early diagnosis of some fatal diseases.(超聲波的出現(xiàn)使許多致命疾病的早期診斷成為可能。)
A.it possible
B.possible
C.it is
D.it
該題的正確答案應(yīng)為B,因?yàn)榫渥硬捎昧说寡b形式,原結(jié)構(gòu)為:
The development of ultrasound has made [early diagnosis of some fatal diseases] possible.
賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
3)記住以下短語(yǔ):
to take…as(把…當(dāng)作…)
to think of…as(把…看作…)
to regard…as(把…看作…)
to refer to…as(把…叫作…)
1、凡本網(wǎng)注明“來(lái)源:醫(yī)學(xué)教育網(wǎng)”的所有作品,版權(quán)均屬醫(yī)學(xué)教育網(wǎng)所有,未經(jīng)本網(wǎng)授權(quán)不得轉(zhuǎn)載、鏈接、轉(zhuǎn)貼或以其他方式使用;已經(jīng)本網(wǎng)授權(quán)的,應(yīng)在授權(quán)范圍內(nèi)使用,且必須注明“來(lái)源:醫(yī)學(xué)教育網(wǎng)”。違反上述聲明者,本網(wǎng)將追究其法律責(zé)任。
2、本網(wǎng)部分資料為網(wǎng)上搜集轉(zhuǎn)載,均盡力標(biāo)明作者和出處。對(duì)于本網(wǎng)刊載作品涉及版權(quán)等問(wèn)題的,請(qǐng)作者與本網(wǎng)站聯(lián)系,本網(wǎng)站核實(shí)確認(rèn)后會(huì)盡快予以處理。
本網(wǎng)轉(zhuǎn)載之作品,并不意味著認(rèn)同該作品的觀點(diǎn)或真實(shí)性。如其他媒體、網(wǎng)站或個(gè)人轉(zhuǎn)載使用,請(qǐng)與著作權(quán)人聯(lián)系,并自負(fù)法律責(zé)任。
3、本網(wǎng)站歡迎積極投稿
4、聯(lián)系方式:
編輯信箱:mededit@cdeledu.com
電話:010-82311666
010 82311666
400 650 1888