2016年衛(wèi)生類職稱英語備考基礎語法12
有關形容詞的用法辨析:
(1)whole與all:記住兩個詞序:① the whole + 名詞;②all (of)the + 名詞。如:He was busy the whole morning.(整個早晨他都很忙)/He can remember all the words he learns.(他能記住學過的所有單詞)
(2)tall與high,short與low:指人的個子時用tall與short;指其他事物時一般用high與low.如:He's very tall/short.(他個子高/矮)/Tall trees are standing on both sides of that avenue.(大道的兩側有高大的樹木)/A few people live on high mountains.(少量的人住在高山上)
(3)real與true:real一般指東西的真假,譯為“真的”;而true則指事情或消息的可靠性,譯為“真實的”。如:This is a real diamond(鉆石)and it's very expensive.(這是貨真價實的鉆石,非常貴)/——Is that true?—Yes. I heard it with my own ears.(那真實嗎? 是的,我親耳所聽)
(4)interested與interesting的區(qū)別:interesting指人或東西“有趣的”,作定語或表語,而interested則表示人對別的事物“感興趣的”,只能作表語。如:The man is very interesting and all the children like him. (這個人很有趣,孩子們都喜歡他)/ This book is interesting and you can really enjoy yourself.(這本書很有趣,你會真正獲得享受)/I am interested in science.(我對自然科學感興趣)
(5)such用法:such + a(n)+ 名詞(單數(shù))(+that從句)如:I have never seen such a foolish(愚蠢的)boy.(我從來沒有見過這么蠢的男孩)/ He had such a terrible accident that he could never forget it.(他遭遇了這么可怕的事故,他永遠也不會忘記)
(6)good與well:表示“好”時,作定語或表語用good,作狀語用well;表示“(身體)好”時用well.如:Doing sports is good for us.(進行運動對我們有益)/ Study well and make progress every day.(好好學習,天天向上)/ ——How are you?—I am very well.(你好嗎?我很好。)
(7)nice與fine:的區(qū)別:nice表示令人愉快的,可以指東西、人物外表等;fine一般指身體或天氣好。如:Let's go and share(分享)the nice cake.(我們去分享那塊美味的蛋糕吧)/ She is a nice girl.(他是個漂亮的姑娘)/ What a fine day!(多好的天氣!)/He’s fine recently(最近)(近來他身體不錯)
(8)too much與much too:too much表示“太多的”,修飾事物數(shù)量;much too表示“太過,過分”,修飾形容詞或副詞。如:I am full because I have had too much rice.(我飽了,因為我吃了太多的米飯)/ That coat is much too dear.(那件大衣太貴了)
(9)quick、fast與soon:quick與fast基本同義,quick往往指反應速度快,fast往往指運動速度快,而soon則表示時間上很快即將發(fā)生。如:After a quick breakfast,he hurried to school leaving his bag at home.(匆匆地吃過早飯,他朝學校趕去,卻把書包忘記在家)/ A train is much faster than a bus.(火車比公共汽車快得多)/ His father will be back to China very soon.(他父親很快就要返回中國)
(10)lonely與alone:lonely是表示心理活動的形容詞,意思是:“孤獨的,寂寞的”,作定語或表語;alone的意思是:“獨自的,單獨的”,指無人陪伴,僅作表語,(作為副詞的alone可作狀語)如:He lives alone but he doesn't feel lonely.(他一人獨住,但是并不感到孤獨)/ He is a lonely person. You can not easily get on well with him.(他是個孤獨的人,你要和他相處好實在不易)
(11)other與else的區(qū)別:兩個詞都可以作形容詞,但是用法不同,other放在名詞前;else修飾不定代詞、疑問詞、little、much,后置,另外,or else表示“否則”,是連詞。如:The other students are on the playground.(其他學生在操場上)/ Who else can work out this maths problem?(還有誰能解出著道數(shù)學題?)/ This is nobody else's money. It’s mine.(這不是別的什么人的錢,是我的。)/ Do you have anything else to say for yourself?(你還有什么要為自己說的嗎?
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