2015年衛(wèi)生類(lèi)職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)考試語(yǔ)法之否定

全部否定和部分否定

eg.All the birds can not fly.

Not all the birds can fly.不是所有的鳥(niǎo)都會(huì)飛。

1.部分否定

eg.All the birds can not fly.并非所有的鳥(niǎo)都會(huì)飛。

None of the birds can fly.所有的鳥(niǎo)都不會(huì)飛。

代詞或副詞如all,both,every,everybody,every day,everyone,everything,everywhere等與not搭配使用時(shí)，表示部分否定，意思為“并非都是"等。

eg.All is not gold that glitters.發(fā)光的并非都是金子。= Not all is gold that glitters.

2.全部否定

英語(yǔ)中常用not,none,nobody,nothing,nowhere,neither,never等表示全部否定的概念。

eg.Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.世上無(wú)難事，只怕有心人。

eg.W: Daddy,I've decided to give up science and go to business school.

M: Well,it is your choice as long as pay your own way,but I should warn you that not everyone with a business degree will make a successful manager.

Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

A.The man doesn't have money for his daughter's graduate studies.

B.The man doesn't think his daughter will get a business degree.

C.The man insists that his daughter should pursue her studies in science.

D.The man advises his daughter to think carefully before making her decision.

3.雙重否定

在閱讀當(dāng)中出現(xiàn)的頻率更高一些。在一個(gè)句子中出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)否定詞：not,never,hardly,scarcely,rarely,seldom,few,little,none等，雙重否定表示肯定的概念。

eg.No one can command others who cannot command himself.

A perpson can command others who command himself.正人先正己。

eg.Without the ability to think critically,to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others,they can not fully participate in our democracy.

如果沒(méi)有能力進(jìn)行批判性思維，維護(hù)自己的觀點(diǎn)，并理解他人的觀點(diǎn)，他們就不能充分的參與我們的民主政治中來(lái)。

4.形式否定，意義肯定

eg.A man can never have too many ties.一個(gè)男人可以擁有很多的領(lǐng)帶。

A woman can never have too many dresses.一個(gè)女人擁有再多的衣服也不為過(guò)。

eg.We can hardly praise his achievement too much.對(duì)他的成就我們無(wú)論怎樣贊揚(yáng)也不過(guò)分。

eg.A mother can never be patient enough with her child.一個(gè)母親對(duì)她的孩子再怎么耐心也不為過(guò)。

A teacher can never be strict enough with his students.一個(gè)老師對(duì)他的學(xué)生再怎么嚴(yán)格也不為過(guò)。

這種形式主要運(yùn)用于閱讀當(dāng)中。