2015年衛(wèi)生職稱英語備考語法:被動語態(tài)的形式
被動語態(tài)是由be (助動詞)+過去分詞(及物動詞)構(gòu)成。be隨主語的人稱、時態(tài)和數(shù)的不同而變化,F(xiàn)將被動語態(tài)的各種時態(tài)形式列表如下(以provide為例)
一般時態(tài) | 進行時態(tài) | 完成時態(tài) | |
現(xiàn)在 | am provided is provided are provided |
am being providedis being providedare being provided |
has been providedhave been provided |
過去 | was provided were provided |
was being provided were being provided |
had been provided |
將來 | shall be provided will be provided |
shall have been provided will have been provided |
|
過去將來 | should be provided would be provided |
should have been provided would have been provided |
紅色結(jié)構(gòu)是在職稱英語考試中常出現(xiàn)的結(jié)構(gòu)。
注:
①在美語中,will和would可用于各種人稱。
②被動語態(tài)的一般疑問句和否定句的構(gòu)成:構(gòu)成一般疑問句時,將主語后的第一個助動詞提至句首; 構(gòu)成否定句時,將not加在第一個助動詞后。例如:
Natural gas has been found in this area.(肯定句)
Has natural gas been found in this area?(疑問句)
Natural gas has not been found in this area.(否定句)
③帶有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成:由情態(tài)動詞can,may,must等加助動詞be,再加過去分詞構(gòu)成。這些情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。如:
Such shops can be seen everywhere in the city.
The composition must be finished next week.
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