Vital signs, or signs of life, include the following objective measures for a person: temperature, respiratory rate, heart beat (pulse), and blood pressure. When these values are not zero, they indicate that a person is alive. All of these vital signs can be observed, measured, and monitored. This will enable the assessment of the level at which an individual is functioning. Normal ranges of measurements of vital signs change with age and medical condition.

　　生命體征包括對個人所測的下列客觀數(shù)據(jù)：體溫、呼吸率、心率（脈搏）和血壓。只要這些值不為0，就表明這個人是有生命的。生命體征可以觀察、測量和監(jiān)護，可以據(jù)此評估個體的功能水平。所測得的生命體征正常范圍因年齡及身體狀況不同而發(fā)生變化。

　　The purpose of recording vital signs is to establish a baseline on admission to a hospital, clinic, professional office, or other encounter with a health care provider. Vital signs may be recorded by a nurse, physician, physician's assistant, or other health care professional. The health care professional has the responsibility of interpreting data and identifying any abnormalities from a person's normal state, and of establishing if current treatment or medications are having the desired effect.

　　記錄生命體征的目的是在病人到醫(yī)院、診所、診室或其他健康保健部門就診時為其建立一個基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。生命體征可以由護士、醫(yī)生、醫(yī)助或其他健康保健專業(yè)人員記錄，健康保健專業(yè)人員有責(zé)任進(jìn)行解釋，識別異常發(fā)現(xiàn)，并確認(rèn)當(dāng)前治療或用藥起到了預(yù)期的療效。

　　Vital signs are usually recorded from once hourly to four times hourly, as required by a person's condition.

　　根據(jù)病人狀況，生命體征通常每小時記錄一次或一小時記錄四次。

　　The vital signs are recorded and compared with normal ranges for a person's age and medical condition. Based on these results, a decision is made regarding further actions to be taken.

　　生命體征記錄后，可根據(jù)個人的年齡及疾病與正常范圍進(jìn)行對照，并根據(jù)對照結(jié)果決定是否進(jìn)行后續(xù)治療。

　　All persons should be made comfortable and reassured that recording vital signs is normal part of health checks, and that it is necessary to ensure that the state of their health is being monitored correctly. Any abnormalities in vital signs should be reported to the health care professional in charge of care. form www.bhshhw.cn

　　測量時應(yīng)保持病人舒適，使病人相信這是健康檢查的正常內(nèi)容之一，并保證病人健康狀況得到正確的監(jiān)護，這一點也很有必要。生命體征異常應(yīng)向主管護理的健康保健專業(yè)人員報告。

　　As there may be no recorded knowledge of a person's previous vital signs for comparison, it is important that a health care professional be aware that there is a wide range of normal values that can apply to persons of different ages. The health care professional should obtain as detailed a medical history from the person as soon as possible. Any known medical or surgical history, prior measurements of vital signs, and details of current medications should be recorded, as well. Physical exertion prior to measurement of vital signs, such as climbing stairs, may affect the measurements. This should be avoided immediately before the measurement. Tobacco, caffeinated drinks, and alcohol should be avoided for 30 minutes prior to recording.

　　也會出現(xiàn)沒有先前生命體征記錄供對照的情況，這時，健康保健專業(yè)人員知道適用于不同年齡人群的正常范圍值就顯得很重要。健康保健專業(yè)人員應(yīng)盡快盡可能詳細(xì)地獲取個人治療史，任何已知的內(nèi)外科病史、以往的生命體征數(shù)據(jù)和當(dāng)前用藥詳細(xì)情況也應(yīng)加以記錄。測量前的一些強體力活動，如爬樓梯等，可以影響測量結(jié)果，因此，在測量前應(yīng)避免這些活動。記錄前30也應(yīng)避免吸煙、飲用含咖啡因飲料和酒精。

　　A person should be sitting down or lying comfortably to ensure that the readings are taken in a similar position each time. The equipment required include a watch with a second hand, an electronic or other form of thermometer, an electronic or manual sphygmomanometer with an appropriate sized cuff, and a stethoscope.

　　測量時病人應(yīng)坐、臥舒適，每次測量位置要大致相同。測量用的器具包括秒表、電子或其他體溫計、電子或其他人工血壓計及一個聽診器，血壓計袖帶大小要合適。