Ⅰ.動(dòng)詞的種類

動(dòng)詞是指表示動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)的詞。動(dòng)詞可分五種類型：及物動(dòng)詞、不及物動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞、 助動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。

1.及物動(dòng)詞

He is writing a letter.

I smell flowers.

2.不及物動(dòng)詞

We lived in London.

The window has opened.

3.系動(dòng)詞

He is a student.

That sounds good.

The child seems unhappy about it.

4.助動(dòng)詞

助動(dòng)詞通常有 be, do, have。如：

Do come in, please.

I don't feeling very well.

當(dāng)be, do, have用作普通動(dòng)詞時(shí)，它們有一定的詞匯意義。如：

I have one sister.

You can do it as you like.

5.情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)所說(shuō)的話的態(tài)度和看法。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞雖然本身有一定的意義，但不能單獨(dú)構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞詞組。它必須與主動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞詞組。本文|由職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)獨(dú)家整理。 

can, could

may, might

must

ought to

shall, should

will, would

dare, dared

need

如：

Can she speak Arabic?

It may well rain.

People shouldn't ill-treat animals.

Will you help me, please?

名師介紹：周涵，職稱英語(yǔ)考試輔導(dǎo)專家，職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)職稱英語(yǔ)網(wǎng)絡(luò)輔導(dǎo)老師，曾在多家知名培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)及人事考試中心主講職稱英語(yǔ)考試輔導(dǎo)課程；參與編寫大量職稱英語(yǔ)考試輔導(dǎo)教材；諳熟職稱英語(yǔ)的命題規(guī)律和教材精髓，針對(duì)考試的六大題型總結(jié)出一套適合成人特點(diǎn)、簡(jiǎn)單易學(xué)的快速提分應(yīng)試技巧，使眾多學(xué)子順利通過(guò)考試。

周涵　2014年職稱英語(yǔ)考試介紹及課程特色介紹　 免費(fèi)試聽(tīng) 購(gòu)買

Ⅱ.動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)

(一)動(dòng)詞的一般時(shí)

1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

He goes to school by bike everyday.

The earth goes around the sun.

I think you are right.

用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：

usually, sometimes, always, often, ever, never, once a week, now and then, from time to time等。

2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)

I wasn't in last night.

When he was a child, he often swam in the river.

3.一般將來(lái)時(shí)

一般和表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如tomorrow, next month, next week等。如：

I'll go to see my grandmother next weekend.

(二)動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)

1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

(1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由"have (has) + 動(dòng)詞的-ed分詞"構(gòu)成，表示到現(xiàn)在為止的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生的情況或動(dòng)作。本文|由職業(yè)培訓(xùn)教育網(wǎng)獨(dú)家整理。如：

I have cut my finger.

I've always walked to school.

(2)動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)也可以表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去，這時(shí)常常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。這類時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有for和since引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)等等。如：

I have studied English for four years.

He has lived in Shanghai since 1992.

2.過(guò)去完成時(shí)

By the end of the month Jack had collected more than a hundred foreign stamps.

I had whitewashed the room when he came back from abroad.

3.將來(lái)完成時(shí)

They'll have hit the year's target by the end of October.

By next month I will have studied German for just two years.

(三)動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

They are having military training these days.

I am waiting for the bus.

My grandmother is coming to see me next week.

She's coming tomorrow.

2.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

I was reading a novel when you came in.

3.將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)

I will be working in the department store at this time next week.

She will be telling you about it this afternoon.

(四)動(dòng)詞的完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

She is ill. She's been lying in the bed for two weeks.

You've been saying that for five years.

2.過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

He told me he had been writing the paper for one month.

3.將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

I shall have been working here in this factory for eight years by the end of the year.

(五)動(dòng)詞的將來(lái)時(shí)

1.現(xiàn)在/一般將來(lái)時(shí)

They'll finish the job ahead of time.

They will be moving to a new flat soon.

2.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)

She said she would come back the next day.

Every evening they would talk with the teacher.