2014年職稱英語考試時間為2014年3月29日，考生們在備考的過程中切記要結(jié)合模擬題來練習，使自己的復(fù)習更加有效。

第四部分：閱讀理解

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項測試任務(wù)：(1)第23～26題要求從所給的6個選項中為第2～5段每段選擇1個正確的小標題;(2)第27～30題要求從所給的6個選項中選擇4個正確選項，分別完成每個句子。請將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。

The Weight Experiment

Nicola Waiters has been taking part in experiments in Scotland to discover why humans gain and lose weight. Being locked in a small room called a "caioriineier" (熱量測試室) is one way to find out.

1. The signs above the two rooms read simply “Chamber One” and “Chamber Two”. These are the calorimeters: 4m by 2m white-walled rooms where human volunteers are locked up in the name of science. Outside these rooms another sign reads, "Please do not enter work in progress" and in front of the rooms advanced machinery registers (記錄) every move the volunteers make. Each day, meals measured to the last gram axe passed through a hole in the wall of the calorimeter to the resident volunteer.

2. Nicola Walters is one of the twenty volunteers who, over the past eight months, have spent varying periods inside the calorimeter. Tall and slim, Nicola does not have a weight problem, but thought the strict diet might help with her training and fitness program.

A.self-employed community dance worker, she was able to fit the experiment in around her work. She saw an advert (廣告) for volunteers at her gym and as she is interested in the whole area of diet and exercise, she thought she would help out.

3. The experiment on Nicola involved her spending one day on a fixed diet at home and the next in the room. This sequence (次序) was repeated four times over six weeks. She arrived at the calorimeter at 8:30 a.m. on each of the four mornings and from then on everything she ate or drank was carefully measured. Her every move was noted too, bet daily exercise routine timed to the last second. At regular intervals, after eating, she filled in forms about how hungry she felt and samples were taken for analysis.

4. The scientists help volunteers impose (確立) a kind of order on the long days they face in the room. “The first time, I only took one video and a book, but It was OK because I watched TV the rest of the time,” says Nicola. And twice a day she used the exercise bike. She pedaled (踩踏板) for half an hour, watched by researchers to make sure she didn't go too fast.

5. It seems that some foods encourage you to eat more, while others satisfy you quickly. Volunteers are already showing that high-fat diets are less likely to make you feel full, Believing that they may now know what encourages people to overeat, the researchers are about to start testing a high-protein weight-loss diet. Volunteers are required and Nicola has signed up for further sessions.

23. Paragraph 1_______

24. Paragraph 2_______

25. Paragraph 3_______

26. Paragraph 4_______

A.What does the calorimeter look like inside?

B.What program was designed for the experiments?

C.What is a calorimeter?

D.What is the first impression?

E.How do the volunteers kill the time?

F.Why did Nicola join in the experiments?

27. The machinery outside the calorimeters records everything_______.

28. Nicola Walters had time for the experiments

29. Volunteers have to get prepared for the time in the calorimeter

30. The experiments show that high-fat diets_______

A.the volunteers do

B.because she does not have a weight problem

C.because the life there can be very boring

D.make people overeat

E.because she was her own boss

F.after passing a high-protein test

Lateral Thinking

Lateral thinking (迂回思維), first described by Edward de Bono in 1967, is just a few years older than Edward's son. You might imagine that Caspar was raised to be an adventurous thinker, but de Bono name was so famous, Casper's parents worried that any time he would say something bright at school, his teachers might snap, “Where do you get that idea from?”

“We had to be careful and not overdo it,” Edward admits. Now Casper is at Oxford --which once looked unlikely because he is also slightly dyslexic (誦讀困難). In fact, when he was applying to Oxford, none of his school teachers thought he had a chance. “So then we did several thinking sessions,” his father says, “using my techniques and, when he went up for the exam, he did extremely well.” Soon after, Edward de Bono decided to write his latest book, “Teach Your Children How to Think”, in which he transforms the thinking skills he developed for brain-storming businessmen into informal exercises for parents and children to share.

Thinking is traditionally regarded as something executed in a logical sequence, and everybody knows that children aren't very logical. So isn't it an uphill battle, trying to teach them to think? “You know,” Edward de Bono says, “if you examine people's thinking, it is quite unusual to find faults of logic. But the faults of perception are huge! Often we think ineffectively because we take too limited a view. ”

“Teach Your Child How to Think” offers lessons in perception improvement, of clearly seeing the implications of something you are saying and of exploring the alternatives.

36 What is TRUE about Casper? __________

A He is Edward's son.

B He is an adventurous thinker.

C He first described lateral thinking.

D He is often scolded by his teacher.

37 Casper succeeded in applying to Oxford because __________.

A he was careful and often overworked

B all of his school teachers thought he had a chance

C he used in the exam the techniques provided by his father

D he read the book “Teach Your Child How to Think” before the exam

38 It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that Edward __________.

A was likely to improve children's logic with his book

B gave a description of lateral thinking several years after his son was born

C was prompted to study lateral thinking because his son was slightly dyslexic

D once taught businessmen how to think before he wrote for parents and children

39 According to Paragraph 3, which of the following statements expresses Edward de Bono's view? __________

A Everybody knows that children aren't very logical.

B It is an uphill battle trying to teach children to think.

C We often think ineffectively because we take too limited a view.

D Thinking is traditionally regarded as something executed in a logical sequence.

40 Lateral thinking refers to the following EXCEPT __________.

A improving one's logic in thinking

B improving one's perception in thinking

C seeing the implications of what you are saying

D exploring the alternatives for what you are saying

答案：36 A關(guān)于Casper的正確說法是：A他是Edward的兒子;B他是一個開拓型思維的人;C他首次描繪了迂回思維;D他經(jīng)常受老師叱責。

37 C申請牛津大學成功的原因是：A他仔細認真且經(jīng)常勞累過度;B他的老師都認為他能考上;C他在考試中應(yīng)用了父親提供的技巧;D他在考試前閱讀了《教會孩子如何思維》這本書。

38 D由第二段可以推斷出Edward：A有可能通過他的著作改善孩子的思維邏輯;B在他兒子出生幾年以后對迂回思維進行了描述;C因為兒子有點誦讀困難才促使他研究迂回思維;D在為孩子和家長寫書之前曾教過商人如何思維。

39 C根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容，下列選項能夠表達Edward de Bono觀點的陳述是：A人人都知道孩子的思維是不太合乎邏輯的;B試圖教孩子思維是一場艱苦的戰(zhàn)斗;C我們經(jīng)常不能有效思維是因為我們的視野過于狹隘;D依據(jù)傳統(tǒng)的觀點，人們認為思維要按照一定的邏輯順序進行。

40 A迂回思維指的不是下列當中的哪一項?A改進自己的思維邏輯;B改進自己的思維理解力;C了解你所說內(nèi)容的含義;D為你所說內(nèi)容尋求其他的替換對象。